December 2025 (Vol. 49, Number 06)
Scotland’s Highland reindeer
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Festive Ancient Forest Twi-LIGHTS experience. Photo: Landmark Forest Adventure Park.
I vividly remember going to bed with great excitement on Christmas Eve and placing some carrots, cookies and milk out for Santa and his nine-trusty reindeer. Of course I would as they have brought me presents; I even convinced myself I could hear the herd walking across our roof.
UK’s only free-ranging herd of reindeer
Those nine reindeer, led by Rudolph, travelled across the globe delivering presents to all the good, and those less so, kids who wrote their letters to Santa or visited him perhaps at a local shopping mall in the lead up to the big day. Today we may be used to Amazon or Temu home deliveries but back then this was a very big thing!
Today there are estimated to be about 9 million reindeer in the world. Some may be interested to learn Scotland is home to the UK’s only free-ranging herd of reindeer, a remarkable population that roams the Cairngorm Mountains in the Highlands.
Cairngorm Reindeer Herd
Twenty-five reindeers were introduced in 1952 by Swedish herder Mikel Utsi and his wife Dr. Ethel Lindgren, these reindeer were reintroduced after being extinct in Scotland for nearly 800 years. Their successful re-establishment is a testament to both ecological vision and cultural curiosity. What makes the Scottish reindeer truly unique is their adaptation to the rugged, often harsh Highland environment.
Unlike their Arctic cousins, these reindeer have acclimatised to Scotland’s temperate climate and varied terrain and have coats which suit the Highland winter weather. Reindeer have a dense undercoat and a thick outer coat of hollow “guard hairs”. The hollow hairs trap air, creating an insulating layer that keeps out the cold and keeps the reindeer warm. They graze on heather, berries, mushrooms, lichen, and grasses, and are well-suited to the mountainous landscape, often seen silhouetted against snow-dusted peaks or wandering through misty glens.
The Cairngorm Reindeer Herd, now numbering around 150, is carefully managed but allowed to roam freely across a vast expanse of some of Scotland’s finest scenery. This semiwild existence offers a rare opportunity for visitors to observe reindeer in a naturalistic setting—something not easily found elsewhere in the UK.
A beloved symbol of the Highlands
Culturally, the reindeer have become a beloved symbol of the Highlands, especially during the winter months when they feature in festive parades and events across Scotland. Their presence blends Scandinavian heritage with Scottish wilderness, creating a unique fusion of folklore and conservation.
Moreover, the herd plays a vital role in environmental education and eco-tourism. Guided hill trips led by rangers allow people to engage directly with the animals, fostering a deeper appreciation for wildlife and the fragile ecosystems of the Highlands. Scotland’s reindeer are more than just a curiosity—they are a living link between past and present, wilderness and wonder, and a great example of how thoughtful rewilding can enrich both landscape and community.
In this issue
Scotland’s reindeer are sure to not feel crowded as they live in The Cairngorms, the UK’s biggest National Park. I have been to this park, and seen its roaming reindeers, and its beauty is evident around every corner. I have also visited in winter when it is cold but still stunning and in this issue we highlight just some of the things you can do at this year-round destination should you be visiting over the quieter winter months.
We may be hitting some of the darkest months to be in Scotland but there are still lots of opportunities to see the light. This month we shine a light on some of Scotland’s fire-based winter festivities and traditions which take place across the country.
Scotland is known for its incredible Hogmanay celebrations and less so for Christmas. In fact, Christmas was virtually banned in Scotland for hundreds of years and Christmas day did not become a public holiday in Scotland until 1958. However, Scotland has leant itself to various Christmas traditions. Perhaps you will be celebrating this year with a tradition handed to us by a Scot?
Adapted to Scottish life
Reindeer were once native to Britain, but it is thought both climate change and over hunting were causes to their great decline. It is fantastic to know that a healthy and stable population of reindeer have adapted to Scottish life over the last seventy years.
The vision of Mikel Utsi and his wife Dr. Ethel Lindgren thankfully not just lives on today, but thrives. Should you find yourself in the beautiful Scottish Highlands any time of year consider visiting them in the Cairngorms. December is no doubt a very busy month for Scotland’s reindeer as they have just a few public appearances to make. On Christmas eve they will also likely be very busy and I may just leave some carrots out just in case…
I wish you and your clan a wonderful Christmas and Hogmanay season!
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